Alex Krieger
Professor in Practice
Department of Urban Planning and Design

 

Publications

Remaking the Urban Waterfront
Urban Land Institute, 2004

Primary Authors:
Bonnie Fisher, David L.A. Gordon, Leslie Holst, Alex Krieger, Gavin McMillan, Laurel Rafferty, Emma Stark Schiffman

Contributing Authors:
Beth Benson, Peter Droege, Steve Fader, Anne Frej, Guy Gibson, William P. Macht, Virginia Sorrells

Waterfronts provide a natural opportunity to make a memorable urban place, yet many of them remain obsolete or underused. Remaking the Urban Waterfront, written by expert architects and planners, explains the importance of and challenges inherent in transforming waterfronts, the key design issues, zoning and land use regulations, environmental obstacles, development incentives, and how the public and private sectors must work together to create spectacular new waterfronts. Case studies of both small- and large-scale projects describe how mixed-use, residential, retail/entertainment, commercial/ industrial, civic buildings, and parks were developed in the United States, Europe, and Australia. Each includes color photographs, a complete description of the history of the project, the development plan, challenges faced, and experience gained, plus a development timeline, project data, and contact information.

Contents
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Urban Waterfront Development
  Historic Development of the Urban Waterfront
  Factors Contributing to the Resurgence of Waterfront Development
  Urban Waterfronts over Time
  The Succession of Waterfront Uses
  The Typical Pattern of Port Development
  The Urban Waterfront Today
  The Seaport Economy and Its Place on the Urban Waterfront
  Integrating Land- and Water-Based Perspectives and Diverse Waterfront Uses: The Portland, Maine, Experience
Chapter 2: The Transformation of the Urban Waterfront
  Ten Principles of Waterfront Development
  A Vision and strategy for distinguishing and Connecting Waterfront Neighborhoods
  Milwaukee Riverfront Redevelopment
Chapter 3: Waterfront Design
  The Urban Waterfront
  Civic Responsibility and Leadership
  Meaning and Identity
  Extending the Urban Fabric
  Waterfront Buildings
  Bringing the Amenity of the Water Inland
  The Spatial Dimensions of Water
  Waterborne Transportation
  Movement and a Sense of Place
  The Sensory Experience
  Heightening Awareness of the Waterfront
  The Line of Force
  The Duality of the Water's Edge
Chapter 4: Environmental Issues in Waterfront Development
  A Systems Approach
  The Major Issues
  Approaches to the Issues
  Conclusion
Chapter 5: Implementing Urban Waterfront Redevelopment
  Startup Politics
  Managing Political Change over the Long Term
  Startup Financial Strategy
  Managing a changing Financial Environment
  Canary Wharf's Bankruptcy and Recovery
  What Happened on the Toronto Waterfront?
  Urban Design and Planning for Implementation
  Planning for Change
  Risks of Waterfront Redevelopment
  The Public Interest in the Waterfront
  Conclusions: Lessons for Faster Implementation
Chapter 6: Case Studies
  Laganside, Belfast, Northern Ireland
  Brindleyplace, Birmingham, England
  Charlestown Navy Yard, Boston, Massachusetts
  South Bank, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  Charleston Waterfront Park, Charleston, South Carolina
  International Financial Services Centre, Dublin, Ireland
  RiverPlace, Portland, Oregon
  Waterplace Park and Providence Place, Providence, Rhode Island
  Kop van Zuid, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  Suisun City Waterfront, Suisun City, California
  Circular Quay, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  Harbourfront, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  Concord Pacific Place, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

 




Planning in Paradise: Urban Redevelopment Honolulu Hawai'i
Janine Shinoki Clifford + Alex Krieger
2003, (Harvard)

An important element of urban design and planning education at the Harvard Design School is the creation of academic studio problems within a real-world context. This allows students to have first-hand contact with public officials and other decision makers on a project of specific interest to all parties, and to gain a palpable understanding and knowledge of design, planning and developmental circumstances elsewhere in the United States and, indeed, in other parts of the world. For the sponsors of these academic exercises benefits clearly derive from having students study and re-imagine an area of their local interest, in an unfettered and often invigorating manner, as well as having access to a forum for discussion of pertinent issues that, again, is unencumbered by day-to-day constraints and the pragmatism that inevitably comes to bear on real projects. In short, when done well, it is a mutually beneficial experience that preserves the academic integrity of the exercise at hand, produces considerable insight beyond rank-and-file procedures, and fosters professional understanding and empathy in a direct and sympathetic manner.

Planning in Paradise, the subject of this studio, centered on the Kakaako postindustrial district of Honolulu, Hawaii, immediately presented what to many may have seemed like a paradox, i.e., how can one perfect something, the image of which already transcends normal expectations about the quality of life. Of course, nothing could have been further from the truth and, indeed, even if this claim was true, then why not? Paradise, after all, is a thoroughly human construct, or many constructs, and therefore, susceptible to further improvement. In the case of Kakaako, through, a new kind of urbanism was called for and one that recognized both the incomparable setting and general disposition of the district and yet also recognized the need to present an alternative and even novel kind of urbanism that meets the needs of a broad range of socioeconomic backgrounds in today's relatively moribund site circumstances. What follows in this volume are attempts to come to grips with this dilemma, ably lead by Janine Clifford and Alex Krieger and under the just as able sponsorship of the Hawaii Community Development Corporation, City & County of Honolulu, Kamehameha Schools, Victoria Ward Limited, Schuler Homes, Outrigger Enterprises, Inc., Architect Hawaii Ltd., Englekirk Partners Consulting, Walker-Mood Construction Company Ltd., and Autodesk, Inc. To all the Design School new found friends and collaborators in Honolulu, we extend our heartfelt thanks for their time, patience and perseverance with us, as well as for so willingly helping us attempt the ridiculous — planning in paradise!!

— Peter G. Rowe
    Dean, Faculty of Design
    Harvard University

Contents
Foreword
Mayor Jeremy Harris, Jan Yokota, Peter Rowe
Introduction
Janine Shinoki Clifford
Multi Disciplinary Studio
Camille Gonzalez
Studio & Participants
Projects
  The Tribulations — and Pedagogic Rewards — of 'Planning in Paradise'
Alex Krieger
  Kaka'ako, A Linear Strategy
    Kaka'ako Waterfront Revitalization
Wendy Wing Sum Mok
    Micro-Neighborhoods in Action
Camille Gonzalez
    Kaka'ako: Slot Life
Karen Lewis
  Kaka'ako Waystation
Takako Tajima, Han Song Lee
  The Healing City
Brian Hung-Tsung Lin, Takao Tamaki
  Kaka'ako: A Place For Everyone, Housing as Integrator
Rebecca Brennan
  Kaka'ako: The Plural City — A Place for Everyone
Walter Meyer
  Kaka'ako: A New Way of Living
Kirstin Garcia, C. Jeffrey Barnes
Essays & Perspectives
  Kaka'ako: A Historical Perspective
Cal Machida with Jan Yokota
  History of Hawai'i
Wendy Wing Sum Mok, Karen Lewis
  The Economics of Paradise
Darcy Frank Kotun
  A Commentary on Smart Growth Initiatives
John M. DeGrove
  Supporting the Design Process with Digital Tools
Moreno A. Piccolotto & Douglas G. Look
  Distance Collaboration in Architecture
Spiro Pollalis & Katie Cacace
Precedents & Studies
  The Relevance of Precedent
Walter Meyer
  Precedent Study
  Urban Study


Mapping Boston
1999 (MIT Press)

To the attentive user even the simplest map can reveal not only where things are but how people perceive and imagine the spaces they occupy. Mapping Boston is an exemplar of such creative attentiveness — bringing the history of one of America's oldest and most beautiful cities alive through the maps that have depicted it over the centuries.

The book includes both historical maps of the city and maps showing the gradual emergence of the New England region from the imaginations of explorers to a form that we would recognize today. Each map is accompanied by a full description and a short essay offering an insight into its context. The topics of these vignettes by Anne Mackin include people both familiar and unknown, landmarks, and events that were significant in shaping the landscape or life of the city. A highlight of the book is a series of new maps detailing Boston's growth.

The book also contains seven essays that explore the intertwining of maps and history. Urban historian Sam Bass Warner, Jr., starts with a capsule history of Boston. Barbara McCorkle, David Bosse, and David Cobb discuss the making and trading of maps from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century. Historian Nancy S. Seasholes reviews the city's remarkable topographic history as reflected in maps, and planner Alex Krieger explores the relation between maps and the physical reality of the city as experienced by residents and visitors. In an epilogue, novelist James Carroll ponders the place of Boston in contemporary culture and the interior maps we carry of a city.

Alex Krieger is Chairman of the Department of Urban Planning and Design at the Harvard Graduate School of Design and a principal of Chan Krieger & Associates, where Amy Turner an architect. David Cobb is Head of the Harvard Map Collection at the Harvard College Library.

Contents
Foreword
Norman B. Leventhal
Introduction: Revealing a City/Exploring Its Maps
Alex Krieger
I. Shaping Boston
  A Brief History of Boston
Sam Bass Warner
  Diagramming the Growth of Boston
Nancy S. Seasholes and Amy Turner
II. Mapping New England: A Region and City Come into Focus
  The Mapping of New England before 1800
Barbard McCorkle
  The Boston Map Trade of the Eighteenth Century
David Bosse
  Windows to Our Past: Mapping in the Nineteenth Century and Beyond
David Cobb
  The New England Plates
III. The City of Boston Takes Form and Transforms
  Gaining Ground: Boston's Topographical Development in Maps
Nancy S. Seasholes
  Experiencing Boston: Encounters with the Places on the Maps
Alex Krieger
  The Boston Plates
IV. Epilogue
  Map of Good Hope: Boston in the American Imagination
James Carroll
V. Appendix
  Timeline of Boston's Land Making
  A Boston Chronology
  A Glossary of Map Terms
  For Further Reading
  An Index of the Maps Illustrated
  About the Contributing Authors
  Illustration Credits
  Index


Design Concepts for Nippon-Daira and Its Region,
1993 (Harvard University)
Alex Krieger

This publication summarizes the work of the Nippon-Daira Academic Exchange Program, involving graduate students and faculty from the United States, Japan, Korea, and Canada, which took place in several phases between April and September 1992.

The Nippon-Daira Academic Exchange afforded an opportunity for all involved to confront two challenging circumstances that are becoming increasingly commonplace in the modern field of urban design. The first circumstance is one in which a traditional settlement pattern, natural landscape, or cultural legacy is threatened even while a population's contemporary activities are constrained by them. If anything, bitter experience has taught us that extreme positions on this issue can be costly. Hard-line preservation, for instance, can unnecessarily limit the scope of human activity, whereas laissez-faire development policies can ruin an otherwise pristine environment.

The second circumstance is the increasingly cross-cultural experience of design itself. Efforts at international cooperation bring up questions of how to interpret and design within an essentially foreign setting, and how to collaborate fruitfully and work as part of a team with colleagues from different cultural and intellectual backgrounds. Both circumstances arise more and more frequently as earlier international barriers to development capital, cultural influence, and building enterprise are lowered.

Contents
  Greetings Michihiro Suzuki, Akira Yamashita
  Foreword Peter G. Rowe
1. The Nippon-Daira Academic Exchange
  Pedagogic Objectives, Alex Krieger
  Nippon Daira's Larger Setting: Sei-Sei-An and Nippon-Daira, Yoshi Yamauchi
  Purposes and Process, Alex Krieger & Yoshi Yamauchi
2. The Design Concepts
  The American Teams
  The Korean Team
  The Japanese Team of Tokyo
  The Canadian Team
  The Japanese Team of Shizuoka
3. Symposium Proceedings
  Symposium Outline
  Excerpts from Day One
  Workshop A: Regional Concepts for Mount Udo's Future
  Workshop B: Balancing Nature and Development on Mount Udo
  Workshop C: Specific Design Considerations for Developing Nippon-Daira
  The Workshops Summary for a Reassembled Audience
  Lessons From Boston: Guiding Urban Development, Alex Krieger
  Lessons From Montreal: Preservation and Development of Mount Royal, Ronald Williams

4. Participants and Sponsors
  Participating Faculty
  Participating Students
  Nippon-Daira International Forum Committee, Koji Tanaka
  Sponsors and Collaborators
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Towns and Town-Making Principles,
Harvard University and Rizzoli, 1991
Alex Krieger, editor

This publication contains essays by Alex Krieger, --- Leon Krier, William Lennertz, Patrick Pinnell, and Vincent Scully, Jr. The foreword was written by Peter Rowe, Dean of the Faculty of Design, Harvard University. It is one in a series of publications of the GSD and was published in connection with an exhibition of work by Andres Duany and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk in the fall of 1990 at the Gund Hall Gallery.

Krieger writes, "The contemporary American suburban landscape is a victim of its own success. We were seeking its advantages long before the automobile materialized to make them conveniently accessible. Hardly an aberrant form of settlement, the leafy suburb between city and country is precisely the form of settlement that the western world has desired since the Enlightenment. . . A pre-eighteenth century mind could hardly have conceived that the forlorn and marginally inhabited zone directly outside of the city walls, which for centuries denoted "a place of inferior, debased and especially licentious habits of life," would now expand to encompass a territory in which all would reside. By the end of the 19th century, the transformation of the loathsome suburb would be complete as it became the safe haven from the monstrous and even more loathsome industrial city...."

    Contents

    Foreword, Peter G. Rowe

    Since (and Before) Seaside, Alex Krieger

    Seaside and New Haven, Vincent Scully, Jr.

    Town-Making Fundamentals, William Lennertz

    Villages, Towns, Cities, and Territories, Comparative Scale Plans

    VILLAGES
    A Village Near Annapolis
    A Settlement at Sandy Spring
    Windsor
    Tannin

    TOWNS AND CITIES

    Belmont
    Kentlands
    Haymount
    Wellington
    Capital City Renaissance
    Mashpee Commons

    TERRITORIES
    Blount Springs
    Nance Canyon
    Avalon Park

    CODES

    Organon, Patrick Pinnell

    Appendices

    Afterword, Leon Krier

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Establishing a Threshold, Twelve Architectural Practices in Boston,
Harvard University and Rizzoli, 1988

Contents

Foreword
Preface
Machado & Silvetti Associates, Inc.
Koetter, Kim & Associates
Tamarkin Techler Group
Woo & Williams
Michael Dennis, Jeffrey Clark, & Associates
Richard Tremaglio
Leers Weinzapfel Associates Inc., Architects
Peter Forbes and Associates, Inc.
Jonathan Levi
Chan Krieger Architects
Schwartz/Silver Architects
Iwerks & Axelrod/TAMS New England Architects

Credits

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The Architecture of Kallman McKinnell & Wood,
Harvard University and Rizzoli, 1988
Edited by Alex Krieger

This monograph is appropriately devoted to the architecture of Kallmann, McKinnell & Wood. It records the exhibition of the firm's work accompanying N. Michael McKinnell's 1998 Walter Gropius Lecture at the Graduate School of Design. As such, it reveals only part of the story of the architects' careers. What two generations of American architecture students know well, and what each of the essayists touches upon, is that Gerhard Kallmann and Michael McKinnell have pursued the teaching of architecture with a vigor equal to that for their practice. While many architects combine teaching and practice during the course of their professional lives, few are willing to sustain the demands concurrently over any length of time. For over two decades—and to the direct benefit of both their architecture and their students—Kallmann and McKinnell have shown an equal devotion to both enterprises.

Contents
 
Foreword,
Jose Rafael Moneo
Preface
The Studied Imperfections of Kallmann, McKinnell & Wood,
Alex Krieger
Boston City Hall and Plaza
Boston Five Cents Savings Bank
Phillips Exeter Academy Athletics Facility
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Back Bay Railroad and Rapid Transit Station
Washington University School of Business and Public Administration
Becton Dickinson and Company Corporate Headquarters
Two Teachers: A Personal Reflection,
Peter Eisenman
Gerhard Kallmann and Michael McKinnell as Educators,
Eduard Sekler
Kallmann, McKinnell & Wood: Architects of the Metaphorical, the Narrative and the Evocative,
Robert Campbell
Work in Progress
Chronology
Appendices

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Past Futures: Two Centuries Of Imagining Boston,
Harvard University, 1985

This catalogue was published in connection with the exhibition "Past Futures: Two Centuries of Imagining Boston," jointly sponsored by the Harvard University Graduate School of Design and the State Street Bank and Trust Company, Boston. The exhibition took place at the State Street Bank Concourse Gallery from March 5 - May 31, 1985, and at Gund Hall Gallery, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts from October 1-18, 1985. "Past Futures: Two Centuries of Imagining Boston" is one in a series of publications commemorating the 50th anniversary of the faculty of the Graduate School of Design, and the 350th anniversary of Harvard College.

Contents
Foreword,
Henry N. Cobb
Visionary Plans and Practical Visions in the Shaping of Boston.
Alex Krieger
1. The Expansion of the City
2. The Park System
3. The Waterfront and Harbor
4. The Shaping of a Square: Copley Square
5. The Charles River Basin
6. A System of Streets
7. Rebuilding the Core Acknowledgments