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Daniel L. Schodek Research Professor Department of Architecture |
Publications
Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Design: An Introduction for Engineers and Architects Nanotechnology offers product engineers, designers, architects and consumers with a vastly enhanced palette of materials and properties, ranging from the profound to the superficial. This beautifully presented text explores the nanotech opportunities and challenges that are fundamental to design and materials selection. How could nanotechnology not perk the interest of any designer, engineer or architect? Exploring the intriguing new approaches to design that nanotechnologies offer, Nanomaterials and Design is set against the sometimes fantastic sounding potential of this technology. It is for engineering and design students and professionals who need to understand enough about the subject to apply it with real meaning to their own work.
Digital Design and
Manufacturing: CAD/CAM Applications in Architecture Digital Design and Manufacturing explains what CAD/CAM technologies are all about and how they can be used in the design and production process. Several architectural case studies are provided and examples from the world of industrial design and product design are discussed, as are issues related to the design of parts and assemblies for automated manufacturing and assembly. More technically oriented chapters cover how to implement CAD/CAM technologies in architecture, including software, computer numerical control (CNC) machines and the manufacturing process, and modeling. Smart Materials
and Technologies in Architecture
Today, architects and designers are beginning to look toward developments in new "smart" or "intelligent" materials and technologies for solutions to long-standing problems in building design. However, these new materials have so far been applied in a diverse but largely idiosyncratic nature, because relatively few architects have access to information about the types or properties of these new materials or technologies. Two of the leading experts in this field - Addington and Schodek - have solved this problem by incorporating all the relevant information of all the latest technologies available to architects and designers in this one volume. They present materials by describing their fundamental characteristics, and go on to identify and suggest how these same characteristics can be exploited by professionals to achieve their design goals. Here, the wealth of technical understanding already available in the materials science and engineering literature is at last made accessible to a design audience. DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY REPORT SERIES New Technologies in Architecture: Digital
Design and Manufacturing Techniques
First International Conference New developments in the field of Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) have impacted the automotive, aerospace and marine industries. Industrial design and consumer product development and production has been equally affected by these technologies. Architecture has so far been relatively uninfluenced by these advanced digital tools. An international symposium in October 2000 at the Harvard Graduate School of Design sought to both investigate the current state of this technology and to explore potential future developments and their implications on architecture and design practice. By bringing together leading individuals and companies currently engaged in the field, the organizers were seeking to challenge today's design paradigms and initiate a discussion on the potential applications of digital and manufacturing techniques in architecture. The illustrated proceedings contain summaries of all presentations and panel discussions. New Technologies in Architecture
II & III:
Two one-day symposia continued the inquiries initiated in a groundbreaking symposium, held at the Harvard Design School in 2000, addressing new developments in computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies and exploring how design and design practice are affected. Both symposia were structured around case studies and cross-disciplinary discussion, bringing together leading individuals and companies currently engaged in the field. The presenters included architects, engineers, manufacturers, contractors and artists--all of whom engage these emerging technologies in new and innovative ways. Cambridge, January 2003 Primary Organizers Symposium II: Kimo Griggs, Martin Bechthold Patient Transport Module: Stroke PTM Feasibility Study
Report
PROBLEM Over 700,000 strokes are estimated to occur every year in the US with projected lifetime costs over $30B. For strokes caused by vessel obstruction, flow must be restored within a therapeutic time window, or irreversible tissue deaths results. Many external factors delay patients from seeking health care, and thus limit treatment within this time window. Therefore, once the patient has arrived in the emergency room, time is immensely important. However, 20 to 40 minutes can be lost prior to start of treatment with patient transfers between bed and radiologic device tables. SOLUTION Reduce time to treatment by introducting new technology, the Storke Patient Transport Module (PTM). The goal of the PTM is to improve the efficiency of workflow and to reduce or eliminate non-value-added interactions that delay start of treatment. The PTM would enable a stroke patient to proceed on a single, moveable surface designed to 'dock' with existing radiologic imaging equipment and to accomodate monitoring or treatment needs along the care route. The minutes saved through its use should have measurable impact on infarct volume and patient outcomes, thus changing the overall economic impact of stroke. This first-phase study consisted of: (1) a detailed needs analysis, including analysis of existing patient benchmark data, to define performance requirements, and (2) identification of design strategies and workflow models based on these proposals. Re-Visions: Recording Architecture I
Introduction Throughout history methodologies of architectural representation emerged parallel to technological developments; the perspective as a representational construct, for instance, was developed in the Renaissance mainly for recording antique architecture, but soon it shaped the perception on, and the future production of architecture and urban space. Today, new computer technologies paved the way for new representational constructs; i.e. digital models, animations, virtual and augmented realities, immersive environments, 3D prints, and so on. Similar to the perspective, these emerging modes of representation modify conventional visual constructs and impact our understanding of space and architectural history. Surprisingly little use of digital media techniques and motion graphics, has been made to describe important projects and themes in architectural history. How can our understanding and interpretation of the historically significant in architecture, landscape architecture, and urban design be enhanced by using advanced digital media techniques? How does montage, the assembling and synchronizing of motion pictures, relate to our human perception and the way we experience architecture? In Re:Visions--Recording Architecture we explored various modes of digital representation for the purpose of recording projects and themes in architectural history. Emphasis was primarily given to motion graphics. We discussed precedents where digital techniques have been used within a wider context of historical studies; such as Nezar Al Sayed's study of the metamorphosis of ancient Cairo, several projects on virtual "reconstructions" (e.g. the Palladio Project or the Unbuilt Monuments project), or other works that have sought to merge digital representations with views of actual sites (the Ename 942 Project). These and other projects have offered exciting glimpses into the power of digital media techniques. We further explored the potential and applicability of newer technologies, to understand what type of representational constructs are useful for what purpose. The main objectives of the course were:
Structures
There exists an invariant set of physical principles founded in the field of mechanics that can be used by designers as aids to understanding the behavior of existing structural forms and in devising new approaches. The development of these principles has flowered during the past three centuries to the extent that they are amazingly well established and documented. Some new understandings, of course, are continuing to occur and will hopefully always occur. Still, the analytical tools already available to the designer are extensive and enormously powerful. This is true to the extent that the real challenge in the field of structures lies not so much in developing new analytical tools but in bringing those currently in existence to bear in the designing and formulation of creative structural solutions with the intent of making better buildings. In this book we discuss in an introductory way the nature of the invariant physical principles that underlie the behavior of structures under load. The primary goal of the book, however, is not simply to teach analytical techniques but, more generally, to explore their role in the design of structures in a building context. Because of this larger goal, the book covers material discussed not only in specialized engineering curricula but also, to some extent, that covered in architecture curricula as well. The traditional hard boundaries between subdisciplines in engineering (e.g., statics and strength of materials) have also been deliberately softened and a more integrative approach taken. The book is divided into three major parts. Part I is an introduction to the subject and to fundamental concepts of analysis and design. Part 11 introduces the reader to most of the primary structural elements used in buildings and discusses their analysis and design. Each of the chapters in this part is divided into sections that (1) introduce the element considered and explain its role in building, (2) discuss its behavior under load in qualitative terms (an "intuitive" approach), (3) examine its behavior under load in quantitative terms, and (4) discuss methods for designing (rather than just analyzing) the element. Part III contains a unique discussion of the logic of structural design, as it is a part of the larger building design process. The Appendices generally discuss more advanced principles of structural analysis. The book is intended largely as a resource for students and instructors wishing to design their own curriculum. For those wanting to adopt a strictly qualitative approach to the subject, for example, it is possible to read only Chapter 1 in Part I, the sections entitled "Introduction" and "General Principles" in each of the chapters in Part II, and all of Part III. This coverage will provide a brief qualitative overview of the field with a special emphasis on design rather than analysis. For those students who already have a background in the analytical aspects of structures, Part III contains summary information useful in a design context. Part III can be read independently by such students. Within Parts I, II, and III there is a certain redundancy in the way analytical topics are covered so that students or instructors can integrate the material in the order they see fit. Shear and moment diagrams, for example, are first introduced in an abstract way in Chapter 2. They are reintroduced in connection with the analysis of a specific structural element—the truss. Where the different presentations are introduced, if at all, may be varied by the instructor. The author, for example, typically chooses to introduce shear and moment diagrams initially as a part of truss analysis and then follow up with the more abstract development of shear and moment diagrams in Chapter 2 before going into beam analysis and design. Other instructors may choose to approach the subject material differently. The book is designed to have sufficient flexibility to support different approaches. In any event, the material is presented in such a way that a direct cover-to-cover reading is also appropriate. New to this fifth edition:
Landmarks
in American Civil Engineering
The Brooklyn Bridge and the Erie Canal are well-known feats of American civil engineering. The building of the Transcontinental Railroad is another remarkable accomplishment, symbolizing the vital part that civil engineers have played in the growth and development of the United States. Yet, there are many other landmarks of regional or local importance that deserve our attention. The Starrucca Viaduct in Pennsylvania, carrier of the early New York and Erie Railroad, is an example. It is one the country's most beautiful structures, a landmark that, like the others this book describes and illustrates, forms part of the visible heritage of the civil engineering profession in America. Landmarks in American Civil Engineering describes approximately 100 projects that have been designated by the American Society of Civil Engineers as National Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks - canals, roads, railroads, bridges, tunnels, water supply and control systems, dams, buildings, planned cities and parks, power systems, surveying projects, coastal facilities, and airports. Featured in over 250 illustrations, all of these either still exist or have traces remaining; a map provides a useful guide for the general location of each one. There is no other comprehensive survey of engineering landmarks that spans so many years, project types, and geographic areas. Structure
in Sculpture
This book lays out the fundamental structural issues of concern to creators and commissioners of sculpture, from balance and geometry to the structural principles through examinations of the work of sculptors that include historical figures like Auguste Rodin as well as contemporary artists such as Richard Serra, Alexander Calder, and Christo. Among the topics discussed are basic stability issues (preventing sliding, overturning, and collapse) and types of structures (frameworks, plates, cables, rotating works) and their behavior. These topics are illustrated with sculptures ranging from small freestanding pieces to the Statute of Liberty and the landscape interventions of Christo. Structural principles are presented in a way that can be clearly understood by the nonengineer, often with the help of sketches and diagrams. These principles will tell a sculptor, for example, if a work proportioned in a certain way will overturn or not when set on a base, or if a particular piece is big enough to support its own weight without bending or breaking. For the more technically sophisticated reader, there is an extensive set of notes and appendixes that put the concepts introduced in the text into more mathematical language. Table of Contents |
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